![]() On the other hand, rapid technological advances in high throughput technology have improved the feasibility of constructing networks automatically from tens of thousands of molecular profiles ( Dutkowski et al., 2014 Dutkowski and Kramer, 2012 Margolin et al., 2006). Many online repositories, such as KEGG ( Kanehisa, 2002 UNIT 1.12), Reactome UNIT 8.7), BIND ( Bader et al., 2001), HPRD ( Goel et al., 2012), IntAct ( Kerrien et al., 2012), iRefWeb ( Turinsky et al., 2014), MiMI ( Tarcea et al., 2009), STRING ( Franceschini et al., 2013), GeneMANIA ( Zuberi et al., 2013), host a large amount of data that can be readily represented as a network and then analyzed. ![]() These networks can be generated from prior knowledge as well as deduced from experimental data. In a biological network, nodes (or vertices) often represent proteins, genes, or metabolites, while edges often represent relationships, such as physical interactions or gene expression regulation ( Merico et al., 2009). The molecules in a biological system interact with each other and form molecular complexes, modules or pathways that carry out various biological functions. It is commonly used to study complex systems in many disciplines, including computer science, social science, and life sciences. It also highlights new features that benefit experienced users.Ī network model (or graph in mathematics) represents associations between entities in a system. This protocol aims to jump-start new users with specific protocols for basic Cytoscape functions, such as installing Cytoscape and Cytoscape Apps, loading data, visualizing and navigating the network, visualizing network associated data (attributes) and identifying clusters. The latest generation of Cytoscape (version 3.0 and later) has substantial improvements in function, user interface and performance relative to previous versions. ![]() Cytoscape provides core functionality to load, visualize, search, filter and save networks, and hundreds of Apps extend this functionality to address specific research needs. It offers researchers a versatile and interactive visualization interface for exploring complex biological interconnections supported by diverse annotation and experimental data, thereby facilitating research tasks such as predicting gene function and pathway construction. Cytoscape is one of the most popular open-source software tools for the visual exploration of biomedical networks composed of protein, gene and other types of interactions. ![]()
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